Manufacturing

“Between 2011 and 2018, WHO tracked 1483 epidemic events in 172 countries. Epidemic-prone diseases such as influenza, severe acute respirator syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), Ebola, Zika, plague, yellow fever and others are harbingers of a new era of high-impact, potentially fast-spreading outbreaks that are more frequently detected …

The performance of electronics degrades as temperature increases from the ambient temperature. The temperature of a device increases when the device is on since no system operates at 100% efficiency. Output power is not equal to the power fed to the device, and the difference between this is power loss. …

Molecular biology and biochemistry are two closely related fields where the properties of key biological molecules, such as proteins and DNA, and how they interact with each other in living organisms are studied. Research in these areas has become so successful at explaining living processes that it is used in …

Smart materials or Active materials or Functional materials are designed materials that have diverse, dynamic features that enable them to adapt to the environment. They have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli, the stimulus and response may be mechanical, electrical, …

A ceramic is any of the various hard, brittle, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials made by shaping and then firing a nonmetallic mineral, such as clay, at a high temperature. Common examples are earthenware, porcelain, and brick.   With such a large range of possible options for the composition/structure of a …

DoD is exploring opportunities to incorporate autonomy, AI, and human-machine teaming into its weapons and operations. Whether as data-mining tools for intelligence analysts, decision aids for planners, or enablers for autonomous vehicle operations, these systems have the potential to provide more accuracy, speed, and agility than traditional tools.  Yet operational …

Phase change materials are substances that absorb and release thermal energy (heat) during the process of melting and freezing  at defined temperatures . They are called “phase change” materials because they  transition from one of the two fundamental states of matter – solid and liquid – to the other  during …

With the growing global concerns over climate change, scientists are looking for cleaner energy sources and other ways to minimize the carbon footprint in the world.  A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gas emissions that come from the production, use and end-of-life of a product or service. …

A system on a chip or system on chip (SoC) is an integrated circuit (also known as a “chip”) that integrates all components of a computer or other electronic system on a single circuit die. Similar to how a microcontroller integrates a microprocessor with peripheral circuits and memory, an SoC …

Lab-on-chip  is an integrated miniaturized device  that  allows researchers to perform all the operations  from sample collection to final analysis onto the same chip. Theoretically, LOC technology has the potential to carry out almost any laboratory procedure on a miniaturized scale. This could range from DNA sequencing and biochemical detection …