Global Risks & Future Threats

  Over the past two decades, China has transitioned from a major arms importer to a growing global arms exporter, leveraging state-led innovation, military-industrial integration, and a flexible approach to foreign military sales. With increasing investments in indigenous defense capabilities, China is no longer just modernizing its own armed forces—it …

“Beneath its ice, Antarctica is not just a frozen desert but a geopolitical chessboard, climate regulator, and scientific treasure trove.” Long regarded as a remote and inhospitable expanse, Antarctica is rapidly emerging as a region of immense strategic relevance. Once considered valuable only for science and symbolism, this icy continent …

In the quest for a sustainable and secure energy future, renewable sources like wind and solar have rightfully taken center stage. Yet, one often misunderstood and overlooked power source is quietly making a comeback: nuclear energy. Thanks to cutting-edge innovations, including the development of “meltdown-proof” nuclear reactors, nuclear power may …

Introduction: Technology at the Core of China’s Defence Modernisation President Xi Jinping has issued a renewed call to modernize China’s border security architecture through the deployment of high-tech “smart systems” to confront what he described as “new opportunities and challenges” in national defense. The remarks were delivered during a high-level …

At the 2024 Emerging Technologies for Defense Conference & Exhibition held from August 7–9 in Washington, D.C., a clear message resonated across sessions: the pace of battlefield innovation is accelerating, and Western militaries must adapt or risk obsolescence. The convergence of commercial ingenuity with military imperatives is collapsing traditional development …

The wars of the 21st century—particularly in the Middle East, North Africa (MENA), and Ukraine—have made one fact abundantly clear: assessments of environmental and infrastructure damage cannot wait for peace agreements or ceasefires. These wars have left cities in ruins, destroyed critical public services, and turned once-livable urban centers into …

Agentic AI marks the transition from AI as tools — to AI as autonomous workforce, reshaping industry, security, and global labor.” Rethinking AI: From Tools to Teammates Artificial intelligence is undergoing a dramatic transformation. While generative AI amazed the world with its ability to produce text, images, and code on …

As humanity faces the accelerating consequences of climate change—rising temperatures, violent storms, and collapsing ecosystems—the demand for transformative, science-based solutions has reached critical urgency. While global decarbonization efforts often concentrate on energy systems, transportation, or agriculture, a less visible yet profoundly influential field is now emerging at the heart of …