The exponential price/performance improvements in semiconductor technology stemming from Moore’s Law are enabling even the smallest and most application-specific devices, such as sensors and actuators, to include networking capabilities. The overwhelming majority of such devices will be cheap and power-constrained. Low device costs permit deployment in unprecedented numbers, with some …

The RF design consists of passive as well as active components. The inductors, capacitors, and resistors are one of the three passive elements that are the foundations of all electronics. The discrete and passive components are an integral part of the design; from front-end antenna matching to tight-tolerance mixers, oscillators, …