In 2018, the Department of Defense (DOD) concluded that technology advancements among potential adversaries posed growing challenges to U.S. defense capabilities, putting U.S. battlefield superiority at risk. In this environment, DOD has renewed its efforts to foster innovation and secure technological supremacy.   In response , the Pentagon’s undersecretary for …

Military operations are becoming increasingly diverse in their nature. To cope with new and more demanding tasks, the military has researched new tools for use during operations and during training for these operations. There have been numerous goals driving this research over the past several decades. Many of the military …

Smart materials or Active materials or Functional materials are designed materials that have diverse, dynamic features that enable them to adapt to the environment. They have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli, the stimulus and response may be mechanical, electrical, …