A classical lens made of plastic or glass has a curved shape that bends the path of incoming light toward a single focal point on a piece of photographic film or an electronic sensor. This is because light travels faster through the thinner glass at the edges of the lens …

Over the past few decades, advances in electronic sensors, communications technology, and guided weapons may have fundamentally transformed the nature of air combat.  One of critical technologies was superior situational awareness (SA) when a pilot has a better understanding of the position of all relevant aircraft and their activities in …

Smart materials or Active materials or Functional materials are designed materials that have diverse, dynamic features that enable them to adapt to the environment. They have one or more properties that can be significantly changed in a controlled fashion by external stimuli, the stimulus and response may be mechanical, electrical, …