This is the age of multidisciplinary frontiers in science and technology where major breakthroughs are likely to occur at the interfaces of disciplines.   Light has always fascinated mankind and since the beginning of recorded history, it has been both a subject of research and a tool for the investigation …

Optical coatings are widely used in applications including architecture, consumer electronics, solar panels, automotive, medical, telecommunication, and military & defense.   Optical or photonic coatings are generally used to increase the reflection, transmission, or polarization properties of a component, e.g., prisms, polarizing films, color filters, mirrors, diffraction mosaics, and refractory …

The manufacturing of pharmaceuticals has lagged behind the research and development of new therapeutics. The same batch processes that were used over a century ago are still being used today, while other industries have moved forward with automated and continuous operations (eg, fine chemical, oil, gas, and food industries)   …