Militaries around the world are increasingly facing a formidable strategic threat environment in terms of complexity, lethality, range, sophistication, and number of threats. These range from Fifth-generation stealth fighters, unmanned air vehicles, and more maneuverable and precision-guided ballistic, cruise, and Hypersonic missiles that are becoming widely proliferated to become more …

Since the birth of aviation, designers have continuously endeavored to improve the lift-to-weight ratios of aircraft. With increasing fuel costs, commercial aerospace manufacturers are under pressure to enhance the performance of aircraft, for which weight reduction is a key factor.   Military forces around the world prefer lightweight aircraft, which …