Introduction: Optical gyroscopes, including fiber-optic gyroscopes (FOG) and ring laser gyroscopes (RLG), are at the forefront of revolutionizing guidance, navigation, and control systems in the fields of aviation, defense, and space exploration. These remarkable technologies have transformed the way we navigate, control, and stabilize various platforms such as aircraft, missiles, …

Introduction: In the ever-evolving landscape of military technology, railguns have emerged as game-changers, showcasing their prowess from warships to mobile platforms. The Electromagnetic Rail Gun (EMRG) has redefined the landscape of military technology, harnessing electricity to propel projectiles at astonishing speeds, surpassing Mach 5 and reaching distances of over 100 …