Recent growth and advances in mobile computing and communication have revolutionized the way we live and access information. Today we are able to receive and process a vast amount of real-time data and situational information on mobile devices in a manner that has not been witnessed previously.   US Department …

Radio frequency (RF) technologies have limitations that cannot fulfill specific requirements. For instance, underground and underwater are challenging environments due to the absorption of high frequency electromagnetic (EM) waves in dense media. For hypersonic communications, Very Low Frequencies (VLF) band signals have large EM wavelengths that can penetrate the plasma …