Introduction: The evolution of warfare has reached new heights with the development and deployment of high-power electromagnetic weapons (HPEMs). These cutting-edge technologies, including high-powered microwave (HPM) systems and directed energy weapons, offer nations unprecedented capabilities to conduct speed-of-light, all-weather attacks on a wide range of enemy assets. In this article, …

Introduction: The Arctic region, once a remote and frozen expanse, is now emerging as a pivotal arena for geopolitical competition and militarization. In this evolving landscape, secure satellite communications play a critical role in enabling military operations, ensuring situational awareness, and facilitating information sharing. However, the extreme environmental conditions and …