Introduction: In today’s digital age, where data transmission and connectivity are paramount, optical modules and transceivers have emerged as critical components for high-speed and reliable optical communications. These advanced technologies play a vital role in various applications, ranging from data centers and telecommunications networks to emerging technologies like 5G and …

Introduction Quantum computing has emerged as a transformative field with the potential to revolutionize various industries and scientific research. One of the key challenges in developing practical quantum computers lies in the fragile nature of qubits, the basic units of quantum information. However, recent advancements in the field have introduced …