Modern warfare is evolving rapidly, with conflicts extending beyond traditional battlefields into the cyber, space, and electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) domains. To maintain superiority, the U.S. Air Force is accelerating efforts to enhance its Advanced Battle Management System (ABMS)—a core component of the Pentagon’s Combined Joint All-Domain Command and Control (CJADC2) …

DARPA has been at the forefront of developing artificial intelligence (AI) for air combat, beginning with its Air Combat Evolution (ACE) program, which focused on assisting pilots in dogfighting by automating low-level maneuvering tasks. Building on that foundation, DARPA has now launched the Artificial Intelligence Reinforcements (AIR) program, a more …