Torpedoes are the primary weapons of most submarines and anti-submarine warfare platforms. Torpedoes are self-propelled guided projectiles that operate underwater and are designed to detonate on contact or in proximity to a target. With advancements in technology, a modern torpedo can destroy a target at a range of 40 km …

Joint Publication (JP 1-02) defined the electromagnetic spectrum as the “range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation from zero to infinity” (U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, 2010b). In a more detailed interpretation, the electromagnetic spectrum is a series of frequencies  from the lowest to the highest frequency (longest to shortest wavelength), …