Introduction: In the realm of material science, graphene has emerged as a revolutionary substance, offering unparalleled properties that promise to reshape the landscape of semiconductor technology. As a single sheet of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice, graphene possesses remarkable strength, flexibility, and conductivity. In this article, we delve …

In an era where digital connectivity is the backbone of modern societies, securing critical information infrastructure (CII) has become a top priority for nations worldwide. From financial systems to energy grids, the reliance on interconnected networks underscores the need for robust cybersecurity measures. Recognizing the evolving threat landscape, Europe is …