Introduction: Concrete and reinforced concrete, stalwarts of construction since the mid-19th century, continue to undergo significant advancements. As the world grapples with the depletion of natural resources and an increasing emphasis on sustainable development, the need to enhance the properties and lifespan of concrete structures becomes paramount. Concrete structures have …

In an era where populations are aging at an unprecedented rate, the world is facing a unique set of challenges that demand innovative solutions. The threat of aging societies is not just a local concern but a global one, prompting concerted efforts to address the multifaceted implications of an older …