In 2019, Boeing 737 Max jets en route to Nairobi, crashed shortly after take-off from Addis Ababa. It has been confirmed that 157 passengers on board all lost their lives. This tragedy was as a result of an error in…
Pandemics may threaten both internal and external national security – the physical threat to U.S. citizens in terms of morbidity and mortality, and the decreased effectiveness of U.S. armed forces in protecting those citizens from external threats. The economic, political…
By harnessing quantum superposition and entanglement, remarkable progress has sprouted over the past three decades from different areas of research in communication, computation and simulation. Microwave photonics (MWP) typically using classic optical methods and devices to generate, transport, and…
Countries are now racing to deploy 5G, short for 5th generation mobile networking or 5th generation wireless systems. The Fifth Generation (5G) mobile networks promise fast Internet for everyone, smart cities, driverless cars, critical health care, “internet of things” revolution,…
Construction and demolition (C&D) materials are generated when new building and civil-engineering structures are built and when existing buildings and civil-engineering structures are renovated or demolished (including deconstruction activities). Civil-engineering structures include public works projects, such as streets and highways,…
With billions of people around the world accessing platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, Twitter, and Instagram, to name a few, social media has become a powerful force for political and cultural change, and a force that is more than capable…
Cities have become the new battleground and Hybrid or Urban Warfare the greatest threat being waged by ISIS to Boko Haram to Hamas to Ukraine rebels. Urban warfare is fundamentally unchanged since World War I in many regards: battle is…
The military/defense industry continues to encourage the advancement of multifunctional receivers. Yet the demands for higher-frequency operation, increased bandwidth, increased dynamic range, and enhanced sensitivity creates unique design challenges for present technology. Size, weight, power, and cost (SWAP-C) dynamics heavily…
Generally, materials will degrade over time due to fatigue, environmental conditions, or damage incurred during operation. Repair of certain materials during their lifecycle (especially those with structural functions such as concrete) can be very expensive and labour intensive. Therefore Scientists…
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) defines innovation as, ‘the implementation of a new or significantly improved product or process, a new marketing method, or a new organizational method in business practices, workplace organization or external relations. The…