Revolutionizing Underwater Warfare and Maritime Transportation: The MHD Drive Renaissance and DARPA’s PUMP Program

Introduction: The Return of a Long-Abandoned Propulsion Revolution The global maritime domain is entering a period of profound technological transformation. Growing geopolitical competition in the Indo-Pacific, the expansion of autonomous naval systems, increasing emphasis on undersea warfare, and the search for low-signature propulsion technologies are driving renewed interest in concepts once considered impractical. Among the…