In today’s interconnected world, cyberspace has become the new battleground for global dominance. Nation-states are increasingly leveraging cyber capabilities to conduct espionage, steal intellectual property, and destabilize geopolitical rivals. Among the most notorious actors in this domain are Russia, China, North Korea, and Iran. These countries have been implicated in …

Satellite communication systems cater to a wide range of user requirements, from direct broadcast and wireless communications to remote sensing for commercial and government applications. These systems are expected to operate reliably 24/7 and maintain their performance over multi-decade lifespans. Ensuring a high quality of service throughout the satellite’s lifecycle necessitates …