Electronics & EW

As we increasingly rely on computers for daily tasks, the energy needed to run these systems is becoming substantial. The total amount of energy the U.S. dedicates to computing has risen dramatically over the last decade and is quickly approaching that of other major sectors, like transportation. Studies show that the …

End-user performance requirements continue to increase, putting high demands on the radio access network (RAN) to deliver increased coverage, capacity and end-user throughput. The antenna is an invaluable segment of any wireless network. Early 2G and 3G systems operated with two receive antennas spaced at least a lambda spacing to …

Millimeter waves are electromagnetic signals with frequencies ranging from 30 to 300 GHz that correspond to wavelengths of 10 to 1 mm in free space. Electromagnetic waves in the millimeter-wave band have attractive characteristics. One of their features is the wider usable frequency band compared with waves in the microwave …

The capacity of a wireless link is generally measured in bits per second per Hertz (b/s/Hz). The methods available to increase this capacity in a traditional Single Input, Single Output (SISO) wireless system are fairly limited: increase the bandwidth, allowing a corresponding increase in the bits per second, or increase …

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)—known also as intelligent reflecting surface (IRS), and large intelligent surface (LIS)—is a programmable structure that can be used to control the propagation of electromagnetic (EM) waves by changing the electric and magnetic properties of the surface. These elements form a low-profile 2D reflecting or transmission array, …

Introduction Fly-by-wire (FBW) technology has revolutionized modern aviation by replacing traditional mechanical and hydraulic control systems with digital flight control computers (DFCCs). Unlike conventional systems, which rely on direct mechanical linkages or hydraulic actuators between the pilot’s controls and the aircraft’s control surfaces, FBW systems use electronic signals to relay …

As the complexity and volume of global digital data grow, so too does the need for more capable and compact means of processing and storing data. At present, traditional electronic devices based on semiconductor materials face severe challenges, not only technical and technological limitations but also key theoretical limitations.   …