BioScience

Synthetic biology is the application of science, technology and engineering to facilitate and accelerate the design, manufacture and/or modification of genetic materials in living organisms, as defined by the European Commission. It envisions the redesign of natural biological systems for greater efficiency, as well as create new organisms as well as …

While silicon microprocessors have so far been at the heart of the computing world, they are reaching their physical limit. With ongoing challenges of physical speed, energy efficiency, and miniaturization limitations of silicon microprocessors, there is a need to find alternatives.   Similarly, in a world flooded with data, figuring …

Biophotonic is an interdisciplinary field that covers the interaction between light (electromagnetic radiation) and biological materials such as subcellular structures, cells, tissues, and molecules in living organisms. It holds potential  to address important societal challenges, including in human health through the development of medical devices for the management of human …

Various techniques used in biophotonics have been developed in an industrial or military setting before migrating to medicine and the life sciences. This is one reason why many techniques and applications used in biophotonics are open for dual use, i.e. can in principle be used for both civilian and military …

Naturally occurring threats such as influenza, Ebola, and Chikungunya are bypassing borders to emerge in nations oceans away, and exact a continued toll. The Pandemic and highly pathogenic influenzas challenge the globe every year and result in the loss of thousands of human and frequently millions of animal lives, respectively. …

Deep-space and long-duration missions, where both crew members and spacecraft no longer benefit from the protection of Earth’s magnetic fields, are considered high risk for adverse radiation impacts.  Aircraft flying at altitude, at about 30,000 feet and above, also are starting to experience radiation-induced effects. “There are 500 times more …

Around the world, armies are recognizing the importance of maximizing the effectiveness of Soldiers physically, perceptually, and cognitively. Militaries are therefore studying effects of frustration, mental workload, stress, fear and fatigue on both cognitive and physical performance.   Early detection of illness and injury often yields a better prognosis. For …

Pandemics  may threaten both internal and external national security – the physical threat to U.S. citizens in terms of morbidity and mortality, and the decreased effectiveness of U.S. armed forces in protecting those citizens from external threats.  The economic, political or social turmoil in adversary country is also potential threat. …

Air medical services is a comprehensive term covering the use of air transportation, aeroplane or helicopter, to move patients to and from healthcare facilities and accident scenes. An air ambulance is often required to provide urgent evacuation from a remote or medically under-served area to a more suitable, higher-level medical …