Telescopes, those remarkable instruments that unlock the mysteries of the universe, have come a long way since their inception. They serve as our eyes in the cosmos, allowing us to peer into the far reaches of space and unravel the secrets of celestial bodies. In this article, we’ll take you …

In today’s world, energy consumption is estimated at 12 billion tons of oil equivalent (TOE), with projections suggesting a potential two- to threefold increase by the beginning of the 22nd century. Simultaneously, fossil fuel reserves—comprising oil, coal, and natural gas—are depleting, and their extraction costs are climbing. Presently, around 78–80% …