Space propulsion systems are the heart and soul of any space mission, providing the thrust needed to navigate through the cosmos. These propulsion systems vary widely, including solid, liquid, and electric propulsion. Traditional chemical propulsion has served us well for decades, but it has its limitations, particularly for missions to …

Introduction Submarines are versatile and vital assets in modern naval warfare, serving a multitude of roles that range from intelligence gathering and reconnaissance,  covert insertion and extraction of special forces, attacking enemy submarines and their surface warships, mine laying, to other littoral or choke point operations. Their ability to operate …