Introduction The ongoing Russia-Ukraine conflict, which initially erupted in 2014 with the annexation of Crimea, has escalated dramatically since February 2022 when Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine. Despite Russia’s significant qualitative and quantitative advantages, Ukraine’s armed forces have mounted a formidable resistance, thwarting Russia’s initial expectations of a …

The rise of digital media has brought unparalleled opportunities for information sharing, but it has also created fertile ground for large-scale disinformation attacks. As the ability to generate falsified media—whether through altered images, deepfake videos, or fabricated text—has advanced rapidly, so too has the threat of automated disinformation at an …

Introduction In today’s increasingly interconnected world, electronic devices and systems are becoming integral to our daily lives, from smartphones and laptops to critical infrastructure and aerospace technologies. However, these electronic systems are vulnerable to a variety of external factors, including radiation from sources such as cosmic rays, solar flares, and …