Beneath the waves lurks one of the oldest and most potent asymmetric threats in naval warfare: the sea mine. But the mines of today are not the simple contact explosives of World War II. They have evolved into stealthy, smart,…
For decades, nuclear power has been the silent force beneath the waves, driving the world’s most advanced submarines. This technology grants them the ability to remain submerged for months, travel vast distances undetected, and operate free from the logistical…
New Doctrines for a Multi-Domain Future In 2024, India took a decisive step toward modernizing its military strategy by unveiling two pivotal joint doctrines that reflect the evolving landscape of warfare—one dominated by amphibious challenges in the Indo-Pacific and the…
The Challenge: Meeting Emissions Targets While Cutting Costs The global shipping industry is at a critical juncture. The International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) 2050 zero-emission target is fast approaching, and the looming implementation of carbon pricing mechanisms will fundamentally change the…
The Stealth Threat in Our Harbors Unmanned Undersea Vehicles (UUVs)—ranging from low-cost reconnaissance drones to armed “kamikaze” systems—are fast becoming one of the most asymmetric threats to U.S. maritime infrastructure. Adversaries use these quiet, stealthy platforms to mine harbors, spy…
Introduction: Hull Optimization at the Heart of Wind-Powered Shipping As the global shipping industry works to balance its pivotal role in trade with mounting environmental responsibilities, reducing greenhouse gas emissions has become an urgent priority. With maritime transport contributing nearly…
The maritime industry stands at an inflection point. With the International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) binding net-zero framework now approved, and over 1,300 liquefied natural gas (LNG) vessels retrofitted and operational globally, the race to decarbonize has moved from policy…
Global shipping is the backbone of international trade, enabling the movement of over 80% of the world’s goods. Yet as demand for maritime transport grows, so does its environmental footprint. The shipping industry currently accounts for nearly 3% of global…
The Strategic Imperative The Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is of critical strategic and economic importance to India, facilitating approximately 95% of its trade volume and 68% of its trade value. Traditionally seen as India’s maritime backyard, this region has witnessed…
Blue-green lasers are breaking the silence beneath the seas—enabling stealthy, high-bandwidth communication that is reshaping submarine warfare, autonomous systems, and the future of naval power. The Undersea Communication Dilemma Modern submarine operations are constrained by a long-standing limitation: radio frequency…