The need for more energy-efficient computers is urgent. The Department of Energy projects that, with the computer chip industry expected to expand to several trillion dollars in the next few decades, energy use by computers could skyrocket from 3 percent…...
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REEs are a series of chemical elements found in the Earth’s crust that are essential components of many technologies, including electronics, computer and communication systems, transportation, health care, and national defense. Rare Earths Elements (REE) are incorporated into many sophisticated…...
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Today, silicon microchips underlie every aspect of digital computing. Now Moore’s Law is stuttering, and the world’s supercomputer builders are confronting an energy crisis. But those big gains using silicon seem to have ended, with the high-end Intel Core i7…...
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High speed Supercomputers enable advanced computational modeling and data analytics applicable to all areas of science and engineering. They are being widely used in applications like Astrophysics, to understand stellar structure, planetary formation, galactic evolution and other interactions; Material Sciences…...
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Plasma is a state of super excitement of mater and can be described as a super hot gas. The Plasma Spray Process is basically the spraying of molten or heat softened material onto a surface to provide a coating. Plasma…...
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Over the past two decades, many wireless systems have been developed and widely used around the world. The most important examples are cellular mobile radio and Wi-Fi systems. Just like radio and television broadcasting systems, they radiate electromagnetic waves/energy into…...
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Since the 1980’s, the electronics industry has undergone explosive growth, as higher transistor densities have fueled substantial performance advances while paving the way for miniaturization. In order for these systems to function properly, the electronic circuits within them must be…...
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Magneto resistor is a type of resistor whose resistance changes when an external magnetic field is applied. In other words, the flow of electric current through the magneto resistor changes when an external magnetic field is applied to it. …...
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The phonon is the physical particle representing mechanical vibration and is responsible for the transmission of everyday sound and heat. Understanding and controlling the phononic properties of materials provides opportunities to thermally insulate buildings, reduce environmental noise, transform waste heat…...
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Normal solid surfaces are wetted by liquids such as water and oil. In many cases, surface wetting is undesirable due to the fact that the liquids may largely deteriorate the functionality of the surface, or cause unwanted effects. For example,…...
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