From Ground-Reliant Operations to Autonomous, Cognitive Constellations Executive Summary Satellite communications are undergoing a structural transformation driven by the convergence of artificial intelligence, software-defined architectures, cloud-native space systems, and multi-orbit network integration. Traditional satellite systems—historically characterized by fixed-function payloads, ground-centric control, and limited adaptability—are rapidly evolving into AI-enabled, software-defined, and increasingly autonomous networked infrastructures. This…

