Beyond the Binary: DARPA’s INSPIRE Program Challenges the Computer Model of the Brain

  For decades, the dominant metaphor for understanding the human brain has been the computer. We imagine neurons as transistors, firing in a binary code to process information, store memories, and construct our reality. This “digital brain” hypothesis has underpinned modern neuroscience, guiding research in neurotechnologies from brain-computer interfaces to artificial intelligence. But what if…