New Doctrines for a Multi-Domain Future In 2024, India took a decisive step toward modernizing its military strategy by unveiling two pivotal joint doctrines that reflect the evolving landscape of warfare—one dominated by amphibious challenges in the Indo-Pacific and the…...
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Introduction As global tensions continue to escalate, militaries are increasingly turning their attention to a challenging and often overlooked domain—high-altitude warfare. Operating in terrains that rise above 10,000 feet (3,000 meters), soldiers and machines alike must contend with brutal…...
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Introduction The 2019 drone strikes targeting Saudi Arabia’s Abqaiq and Khurais oil facilities represented a pivotal moment in military history, revealing that even nations armed with advanced air defense systems can be vulnerable to low-cost, asymmetric unmanned aerial threats. This…...
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As climate change accelerates, flooding has become one of the most visible and destructive consequences of our warming world. From the streets of Dubai to the valleys of Germany and the coastlines of Brazil, heavy rains and rising waters are…...
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As the world’s most populous nation and fastest-growing major economy, India stands at a pivotal crossroads in the global climate challenge. Balancing the imperatives of economic development, energy security, and environmental sustainability, India must chart a uniquely ambitious yet pragmatic…...
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Introduction: The New Frontline of Global Power In the 21st century, wars may not be fought solely with missiles or soldiers but with minerals. Clean energy systems, electric vehicles, semiconductors, AI infrastructure, and next-generation defense platforms all rely on…...
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“Antarctica’s vast whiteness hides more than ice—it conceals the future battleground of great power competition.” Once envisioned as a continent devoted to peace and scientific discovery, Antarctica is slowly transforming into a theater of subtle military competition. Beneath the cooperative…...
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Free Space Optical (FSO) communication refers to a line-of-sight communication technology that transmits modulated light beams—typically infrared—through the atmosphere. FSO uses the air as its transmission medium, allowing for high-speed data transfer without the need for physical cabling or spectrum…...
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Photonics—the science and technology of light—is at the heart of a silent revolution reshaping 21st-century manufacturing. From defect detection on high-speed production lines to ultra-precise laser machining and autonomous factory operations, photonics is enabling smarter, faster, and more efficient processes…...
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Modern warfare is no longer confined to tanks, missiles, and aircraft—it is increasingly fought in the invisible realm of the electromagnetic spectrum. Here, victory is measured not in captured territory but in control over radio waves, data links, and sensor…...
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