Portable atomic clock technologies including chip-scale optical frequency synthesizer to enable ultra accurate GPS

Optical atomic clocks are at the pinnacle of time measuring devices, losing less than one second every ten billion years. Currently though, they are massive devices, weighing hundreds of kilograms. In order to have an optimal practical function that could be utilised by your average person, their size needs to be greatly reduced whilst retaining the accuracy and speed of the large-scale clocks.