Global Innovations in Biological Hydrogen Production: From Microalgae and Paper Waste to Solar-Bio Hybrids and Industrial Synergie

As the world accelerates its transition to clean energy, hydrogen has emerged as a cornerstone of decarbonization strategies—particularly in hard-to-electrify sectors like steelmaking, shipping, and heavy transport. However, the majority of today’s hydrogen is still produced from fossil fuels through carbon-intensive processes like steam methane reforming, known as “grey hydrogen.” This undermines the climate benefits…