Since the creation of the main battle tank during World War I, there has been a constant arms race between the development of anti-armor weapons and vehicle protection systems, however “Weapons’ ability to penetrate armor, however, has advanced faster than armor’s ability to withstand penetration”. The traditional protection technique depends on …
Read More »High-Intensity Warfare (HIW) or High-Intensity Conflict (HIC) refers to state vs state conflict with a modern, peer adversary – as envisioned during the Cold War period. As the name implies, the tempo of operations is greater, and the concentration of forces and firepower is also substantially greater. High-intensity war is …
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Photonics is a breakthrough technology as it uses photons (smallest unit of light) as the data carrier instead of electrons (smallest unit of electricity) used in electronic ICs. As light travels at very high speeds, photonics is widely used to transfer huge amounts of data at a very high speed.Thus …
Read More »Information and communication technology present new challenges to international affairs.The scale and speed of technological advancements in cyberspace are unprecedented. As the fourth industrial revolution dawns, bringing with it the reality of big data, artificial intelligence, and quantum technology, the world is entering a new level of more sophisticated hypoconnectivity, …
Read More »5G will enable a new set of services, not only for human users but also for industrial and automotive purposes. Key factors for acceptance and use are ultra-high reliability and real-time interaction capability. For those future applications, it is key to measure and rate the interactivity of a network and …
Read More »In computer network research, network simulation is a technique whereby a software program replicates the behavior of a real network. A network simulator is a software program that can predict the performance of a computer network or a wireless communication network. Since communication networks have become too complex for …
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The dominant mode of communication today uses antennas to transmit information carrying high frequency signals using antennas which at the receive site produce an electrical signal which is amplified and demodulated by the receiver equipment. However this form of communication is limited by line of sight propagation limiting the range …
Read More »A digital camera is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory. Most cameras produced today are digital, largely replacing those that capture images on photographic film. Digital and digital movie cameras share an optical system, typically using a lens with a variable diaphragm to focus light onto an …
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2021 marked 70 years of Pak-China’s diplomatic relations. China–Pakistan share a close strategic partnership since 1950s. The 1962 Sino-India War strengthened the relationship and, in 1963, Pakistan agreed to cede part of Kashmir to China, 5,180 Sq. Km of land in Karakoram region of north Kashmir. In return, China began …
Read More »In communication applications like the internet, the most simple form of optical communication is with a single fiber consisting of a single wavelength laser TX/RX scheme. In fiber-optic communications, wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is a technology that multiplexes a number of optical carrier signals onto a single optical fiber by using different …
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