2025’s Space Connectivity Breakthrough: Hybrid Optical and Microwave ISLs Powering the New Orbital Internet

Introduction: The Rise of Intersatellite Connectivity in the Space Age In today’s rapidly advancing space and communication landscape, Intersatellite Links (ISLs) are emerging as a cornerstone of modern satellite constellations. These links—whether microwave or laser-based—enable satellites to communicate directly with each other, forming a seamless orbital mesh network that bypasses traditional reliance on ground stations….