DARPA’s METALS program is redefining engineering by enabling programmable materials that adapt to stress, heat, and performance demands. Introduction: Breaking the “One-Part, One-Material” Paradigm Modern defense systems operate in extreme environments where the performance and reliability of materials can dictate mission success or failure. Historically, engineers have been constrained by …

Agentic AI marks the transition from AI as tools — to AI as autonomous workforce, reshaping industry, security, and global labor.” Rethinking AI: From Tools to Teammates Artificial intelligence is undergoing a dramatic transformation. While generative AI amazed the world with its ability to produce text, images, and code on …

Introduction Proteins are essential to virtually all biological processes, playing vital roles in cell signaling, metabolism, immunity, and more. Traditionally, protein production has relied on growing cells in bioreactors—a process that is time-consuming, expensive, and often inefficient, especially when manufacturing complex therapeutic proteins. A revolutionary shift is now underway in …